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In ONAP4K8s no security (Mutual TLS, Authentication and Authorization) and traffic management (Load balancing, Circuit breaking, Traffic control & rate limiting) are not part of the ONAP4K8s micro-services. Also, log collection, metrics collection and distributed tracing for troubleshooting are all not part of the ONAP4K8s micro-services. CNCF architecture is used for these to improve productivity and reduce the errors.

To achieve the above goals ISTIO is used by ONAP4K8s for providing following:

  • Mutual TLS among the internal micro-services.
  • Terminate connections coming from external entities (Ingress)
  • Traffic Management - Load balancing & Circuit breaking.
  • Observability along with Kiali.

Authservice is an entity that works along side with Envoy proxy. It is used to work with external IAM systems (OAUTH2). Many Enterprises have their own OAUTH2 server for authenticating users and provide roles. ONAP4K8s uses Authservice from ISTIO-ingress proxy to talk to multiple OAUTH2 servers, one belonging to each project (Enterprise).


Steps for setting up ONAP4K8s with Istio + Authservice

Keycloak 

Keycloak is an open source software product to allow single sign-on with Identity Management and Access Management. Keycloak is being used here as an example of IAM service to be used with EMCO.

In a kubernetes cluster where Keycloak is going to be installed follow these steps to create keyclock deployment:

Keyloak deployment file for Kubernetes is available: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/keycloak/keycloak-quickstarts/latest/kubernetes-examples/keycloak.yaml

Keycloak Installation
kubectl create ns keycloak
kubectl create -n keycloak secret tls ca-keycloak-certs --key keycloak.key --cert keycloak.crt
kubectl apply -f keycloak.yaml -n keycloak

Create a realm, add users and roles to Keycloak

  • Create a new Realm - ex: enterprise1
  • Add Users
  • Create a new Client under realm  name - ex: emco
  • Under Setting for client
    • Change assess type for client to confidential
    • Under Authentication Flow Overrides - Change Direct grant flow to direct grant
    • Update Valid Redirect URIs.
  • In Roles tab:
    • Add roles (ex. Admin and User)
    • Under Users assign roles from emco client to users ( Admin and User). Verify under Emco Client roles for user are in the role

For complete documentation of Keycloak refer to these links:

https://www.keycloak.org/getting-started/getting-started-kube

https://developers.redhat.com/blog/2020/01/29/api-login-and-jwt-token-generation-using-keycloak/

Emco Setup with Istio

In a kubernetes cluster where EMCO is going to be run install Istio Demo Profile: 

https://istio.io/latest/docs/setup/install/standalone-operator/

Istio version to use is 1.5.3

Install Emco with side car injection

EMCO Installation
stioctl kube-inject -f ovn4k8sdb.yaml | kubectl apply -f -
istioctl kube-inject -f ovn4k8s.yaml | kubectl apply -f -

kubectl create -n istio-system secret tls emco-credential --key=v2.key --cert=v2.crt

Create Gateway

Gateway
$ kubectl create -n istio-system secret tls emco-credential --key=v2.key --cert=v2.crt

apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: Gateway
metadata:
  name: emco-gateway
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  selector:
    istio: ingressgateway # use Istio default gateway implementation
  servers:
  - port:
      number: 80
      name: http
      protocol: HTTP
    hosts:
    - "*"
  - port:
      number: 443
      name: https
      protocol: HTTPS
    tls:
      mode: SIMPLE
      credentialName: emco-credential
    hosts:
    - "*"

Create virtual service

Virtual Service
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: VirtualService
metadata:
  name: orchestrator
  namespace: emco
spec:
  hosts:
  - "*"
  gateways:
  - emco-gateway.istio-system.svc.cluster.local
  http:
  - match:
    - uri:
        prefix: /v2/oauth
    - uri:
        prefix: /v2
    route:
    - destination:
        port:
          number: 9015
        host: orchestrator

Make sure the EMCO service is accessible through istio ingress gateway at this point.  [https://<Istio Ingress service IP Address:port>/v2/projects]

Create Policy

Authentication Policy
apiVersion: "authentication.istio.io/v1alpha1"
kind: "Policy"
metadata:
  name: "emco-authn-policy"
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  origins:
    - jwt:
        issuer: "https://<Keycloak IP Address:port>/auth/realms/enterprise1"
        jwksUri: "http://<Keycloak IP Address:port>/auth/realms/enterprise1/protocol/openid-connect/certs"
  principalBinding: USE_ORIGIN

Now when you try to assess EMCO you'll get 403 error. [https://<Istio Ingress service IP Address:port>/v2/projects]

Authservice Setup in Istio Ingress-gateway

Setup configmap required by Authservice.

The following example shows how to setup authservice with keycloak.

Authservice configmap
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: emco-authservice-configmap
  namespace: istio-system
data:
  config.json: |
    {
      "listen_address": "127.0.0.1",
      "listen_port": "10003",
      "log_level": "trace",
      "threads": 8,
      "chains": [
        {
          "name": "idp_filter_chain",
          "filters": [
          {
            "oidc":
              {
                "authorization_uri": "https://<Keycloak IP Address:port>/auth/realms/enterprise1/protocol/openid-connect/auth",
                "token_uri": "https://<Keycloak IP Address:port>/auth/realms/enterprise1/protocol/openid-connect/token",
                "callback_uri": "https://<Istio Ingress service IP Address:port>/v2/oauth/callback",
                "jwks": "{Escaped Json output of the command --> curl http://<Keycloak IP Address:port>/auth/realms/enterprise1/protocol/openid-connect/certs}",
                "client_id": "emco",
                "client_secret": "Copy secret from keycloak",
                "trusted_certificate_authority": "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----CA Certificate for the keycloak server in escaped format----END CERTIFICATE-----",
                "scopes": [],
                "id_token": {
                  "preamble": "Bearer",
                  "header": "Authorization"
                },
                "access_token": {
                  "preamble": "Bearer",
                  "header": "Authorization"
                }
              }
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }

Install Authservice  with the Isito-Ingress gateway

In this setup Authservice is getting setup at the Isito-Ingress gateway level. Refer this link for details:

https://github.com/istio-ecosystem/authservice/tree/master/bookinfo-example#istio-ingress-gateway-integration

Currently, there is not yet a native way to install Authservice into the Istio Ingress-gateway. We are manually modifying the Deployment of istio-ingressgateway to add the Authservice container. Add the contianer below. Note: Change the container section in ingress-gateway deployment to make it possible to add multiple containers.

Authservice Container
$ kubectl edit  deployments istio-ingressgateway -n istio-system
Under containers section add:
- name: authservice
        image: adrianlzt/authservice:0.3.1-d3cd2d498169
        imagePullPolicy: Always
        ports:
          - containerPort: 10003
        volumeMounts:
          - name: emco-authservice-configmap-volume
            mountPath: /etc/authservice

In the volumes section add:
     - name: emco-authservice-configmap-volume
        configMap:
          name: emco-authservice-configmap

Create EnvoyFilter Resource for authservice

Envoy Filter
#
# Add the ext_authz filter to the istio-ingressgateway  Envoy filter chain.
# Configure the ext_authz filter to ask the authservice about every incoming request
# via GRPC. For every incoming request, the authservice will decide to either allow
# the request and add tokens as headers, or will cause the response to redirect for
# authentication.
#

---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: EnvoyFilter
metadata:
  name: sidecar-token-service-filter-for-ingress
  namespace: istio-system
spec:
  workloadSelector:
    labels:
      istio: ingressgateway
      app: istio-ingressgateway
  configPatches:
  - applyTo: HTTP_FILTER
    match:
      context: GATEWAY
      listener:
        filterChain:
          filter:
            name: "envoy.http_connection_manager"
            subFilter:
              name: "envoy.filters.http.jwt_authn"
    patch:
      operation: INSERT_BEFORE
      value:
       name: envoy.ext_authz
       config:
         stat_prefix: ext_authz
         grpc_service:
           envoy_grpc:
             cluster_name: ext_authz
           timeout: 10s # Timeout for the entire request (including authcode for token exchange with the IDP)
  - applyTo: CLUSTER
    match:
      context: ANY
      cluster: {} # this line is required starting in istio 1.4.0
    patch:
      operation: ADD
      value:
        name: ext_authz
        connect_timeout: 5s # This timeout controls the initial TCP handshake timeout - not the timeout for the entire request
        type: LOGICAL_DNS
        lb_policy: ROUND_ROBIN
        http2_protocol_options: {}
        load_assignment:
          cluster_name: ext_authz
          endpoints:
            - lb_endpoints:
                - endpoint:
                    address:
                      socket_address:
                        address: 127.0.0.1
                        port_value: 10003

Try accessing EMCO URL agian [https://<Istio Ingress service IP Address:port>/v2/projects]. This will take you to the Keycloak login page and from there user can get authenticated before allowed to access EMCO resources.

Setup with multiple OAuth2 Servers.

The following changes are required if different OAuth2 servers are needed for different projects. All other configurations remain the same.

Create virtual service to support multiple servers

Virtual Service
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: VirtualService
metadata:
  name: orchestrator
  namespace: test
spec:
  hosts:
  - "*"
  gateways:
  - orchestrator-gateway
  http:
  - match:
    - uri:
        prefix: /v2/oauth
    - uri:
        prefix: /v2
    - uri:
        prefix: /v2/projects/enterprise1/oauth
    -uri:
        prefix: /v2/projects/enterprise2/oauth
    route:
    - destination:
        port:
          number: 9015
        host: orchestrator

Create Authentication Policy with multiple servers

Authentication Policy
---
  apiVersion: "authentication.istio.io/v1alpha1"
  kind: "Policy"
  metadata:
    name: "orchestrator-authn-policy"
    namespace: istio-system
  spec:
    origins:
      - jwt:
          issuer: "https://x.x.x.x:31567/auth/realms/enterprise1"
          jwksUri: "http://x.x.x.x:32431/auth/realms/enterprise1/protocol/openid-connect/certs"
      - jwt:
          issuer: "https://x.x.x.x:31567/auth/realms/enterprise2"
          jwksUri: "http://x.x.x.x:32431/auth/realms/enterprise2/protocol/openid-connect/certs"
    principalBinding: USE_ORIGIN


Setup configmap required by Authservice.

The following example shows how to setup authservice with keycloak.

Authservice configmap
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: emco-authservice-configmap
namespace: istio-system
data:
config.json: |
  {
    "listen_address": "127.0.0.1",
    "listen_port": "10003",
    "log_level": "trace",
    "threads": 8,
    "chains": [
      {
        "name": "idp_filter_chain_1",
        "match": {
          "header": ":path",
          "prefix": "/v2/projects/enterprise1"
        },
        "filters": [
        {
          "oidc":
            {
              "authorization_uri": "https://x.x.x.x:31567/auth/realms/enterprise1/protocol/openid-connect/auth",
              "token_uri": "https://x.x.x.x:31567/auth/realms/enterprise1/protocol/openid-connect/token",
              "callback_uri": "https://x.x.x.x:31063/v2/projects/enterprise1/oauth/callback",
              "jwks": "{\"keys\":[{\"kid\":\"xxxxx\",\"kty\":\"RSA\",\"alg\":\"RS256\",\"use\":\"sig\",\"n\":\"zzzzzzz\",\"e\":\"AQAB\",\"x5c\":[\"xxxxxx\"],\"x5t\":\"z7Qrc2nAlK8EVmkiKtz0bOWxugE\",\"x5t#S256\":\"xxxxxxxxx\"}]}",
              "client_id": "emco",
              "client_secret": "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx",
              "trusted_certificate_authority": "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\r\nxxxxxxxx\r\n-----END CERTIFICATE-----\r\n",
              "scopes": [],
              "id_token": {
                "preamble": "Bearer",
                "header": "Authorization"
              },
              "access_token": {
                "preamble": "Bearer",
                "header": "Authorization"
              }
            }
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "name": "idp_filter_chain_2",
        "match": {
          "header": ":path",
          "prefix": "/v2/projects/enterprise2"
        },
        "filters": [
        {
          "oidc":
            {
              "authorization_uri": "https://x.x.x.x:31567/auth/realms/enterprise2/protocol/openid-connect/auth",
              "token_uri": "https://x.x.x.x:31567/auth/realms/enterprise2/protocol/openid-connect/token",
              "callback_uri": "https://x.x.x.x:31063/v2/projects/enterprise2/oauth/callback",
              "jwks": "{\"keys\":[{\"kid\":\"xxxx\",\"kty\":\"RSA\",\"alg\":\"RS256\",\"use\":\"sig\",\"n\":\"xxxx\",\"e\":\"AQAB\",\"x5c\":[\"xxxxxx\"],\"x5t\":\"xxxxxxx\",\"x5t#S256\":\"xxxxxxx\"}]}",
              "client_id": "emco",
              "client_secret": "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx",
              "trusted_certificate_authority": "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\r\nxxxxxxxx\r\n-----END CERTIFICATE-----\r\n",
              "scopes": [],
              "id_token": {
                "preamble": "Bearer",
                "header": "Authorization"
              },
              "access_token": {
                "preamble": "Bearer",
                "header": "Authorization"
              }
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
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